Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Remote Sensing and GIS Group, and The Nature Conservancy Publication_Date: 19980310 Title: Spatial Vegetation Data for Devils Tower National Monument Vegetation Mapping Project Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Series_Information: Series_Name: USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Issue_Identification: Devils Tower National Monument Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver CO Publisher: USGS, Biological Resources Division, Center for Biological Informatics Other_Citation_Details: Created under contract to USGS-BRD-CBI. Online_Linkage: http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/ftp/vegmapping/deto/deto.zip Description: Abstract: The National Park Service (NPS), in conjunction with the Biological Resources Division (BRD) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), has implemented a program to "develop a uniform hierarchical vegetation methodology" at a national level. The program will also create a geographic information system (GIS) database for the parks under its management. The purpose of the data is to document the state of vegetation within the NPS service area during the 1990's, thereby providing a baseline study for further analysis at the Regional or Service-wide level. The vegetation at Devils Tower National Monument was mapped using 1:16,000 scale U.S. Forest Service Color Aerial Photography acquired July 29, 1993. The mapping classification used two separate classification systems. All natural vegetation used the National Vegetation Classification System (NVCS) as a base. The vegetation classifcation was created after extensive on site sampling and numerical analysis. The vegetation map units were derived from the vegatation classification. Other non-natural or cultural mapping units used the Anderson Level II classification system. The mapped area includes a buffer around the Monument boundary. Purpose: This mapping effort originates from a long-term vegetation monitoring program that is part of a larger Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) program started by the National Park Service (NPS). I&M goals are, among others, to map the vegetation of all national parks and monuments and provide a baseline inventory of vegetation. The I&M program currently works in close cooperation with the Biological Resources Division (BRD) of the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS/BRD continues overall management and oversight of all ongoing mapping efforts in close cooperation with the NPS. Supplemental_Information: The purposes of the mapping effort are varied and include the following: Provides support for NPS Resources Management. Promotes vegetation-related research for both NPS and USGS/BRD. Provides support for NPS Planning and Compliance. Adds to the information base for NPS Interpretation. Assists in NPS Operations. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19950912 Currentness_Reference: Source photography date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: not applicable Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -104.75 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -104.63 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.63 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.5 Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Devils Tower National Monument and about a 2 mile environ Wyoming, around Monument Boundaries - Black Hills,USA Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: National Park Service Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Service Theme_Keyword: The Nature Conservancy Theme_Keyword: Aerial Information Systems Theme_Keyword: Center for Biological Informatics Theme_Keyword: land cover Theme_Keyword: vegetation Theme_Keyword: alliance Theme_Keyword: association Theme_Keyword: land use Theme_Keyword: Environmental System Research Institute Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Devils Tower National Monument Place_Keyword: Black Hills Place_Keyword: Wyoming Place_Keyword: USA Taxonomy: Keywords/Taxon: Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Taxonomic_Keywords: Plant Communities Taxonomic_Classification: Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom Taxon_Rank_Value: Plantae Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: No warranty, expressed or implied, is made regarding the accuracy or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes. Any person using the information presented here should fully understand the data collection and compilation procedures, as described in the metadata, before beginning analysis. The burden for determining fitness for use lies entirely with the user. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USGS BRD Center for Biological Informatics Contact_Person: USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Room 8000, MS 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 202-4220 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-202-4219 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/deto/images/detovegmap.pdf Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Graphic in map composition layout Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF Data_Set_Credit: USGS, NPS, U.S. BOR, TNC Native_Data_Set_Environment: UNIX-ARC/INFO Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: These data have a combined total accuracy of 81.6% (confidence interval 75.5% - 86.0%). Individual class accuracies range from 44.4 % to 100% in both errors of commission and omission. Logical_Consistency_Report: All polygon features are checked for topology using the ARC/INFO software. Each polygon begins and ends at the same point with the node feature. All nodes are checked for error so that there are no dangling features. There are no duplicate lines or polygons. All nodes will snap together and close polygons based on a specified tolerance. If the node is not with the tolerance it is adjusted manually. The tests for logical consistency are performed in ARC/INFO using certain commands. Completeness_Report: All data that can be photo-interpreted is also digitized. This includes features that fall into the NVCS vegetation classification and the Anderson Level II classification. Minimum mapping unit is ostensibly .5 hectares but some low frequency classes below the MMU are included. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal positional accuracy is tested by visual comparison of digital data to the source materials and verifying the location of the data on-screen relative to other data layers in the same geographic area. The base used for this mapping effort is a scanned and registered paper orthophotograph. Visual examination of these data shows them to comply (usually exceed) with national map accuracy standards for 1:24,000 scale products. See Analysis of Accuracy Assessment Procedures. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: There is no accuracy assessment for vertical position. Lineage: Methodology: Methodology_Type: Field Methodology_Identifier: Methodology_Keyword_Thesaurus: Ground truthing Methodology_Keyword: GPS Methodology_Keyword: field plots Methodology_Description: Developmental of Programmatic and Technical Team: This project required the combined expertise and oversight of several organizations. Oversight and programmatic considerations are managed by the Center for Biological Informatics of the Biological Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey. The National Park Service provided additional guidance. The technical responsibilities for the mapping effort were divided between TNC and BOR. TNC responsibilities and deliverables included the following: Create a vegetation classification system based upon field species level data and consistent with the Standard National Classification System at the Alliance or Community Element level Provide documentation that describes the national classes at the local and global levels, with field keys, and field data in a *.dbf format. Provide technical opinion to BOR as the mapping portion of the project proceeds. Provide field notes and site descriptions BOR responsibilities and deliverables included the following: Digital files of vegetation on Compact (CD); including topology and labeling for height, density, and pattern subclasses; location of field sample sites; and locations of sites used for accuracy assessment in Arc/Info format Any ancillary digital files developed during the mapping process Digital FGDC compliant metadata file for each digital file delivered Annotated field site photographs Original mylar overlays of interpreted photographs Hard copy vegetation map Accuracy assessment Final report describing all procedures used in developing the final map and accuracy assessment Planning and Review Meeting An initial meeting was held with all interested parties to discuss several aspects of the mapping effort. Foremost among these was the mapping extent. Vegetation issues particular to the park were addressed. Devils Tower National Monument was responsible for obtaining permission from adjacent land owners for property access for sampling purposes. Most of the private lands were under some form of grazing or farming. Consequently, sampling on these lands was not necessary. The remainder of the lands within the mapping area are U.S. Forest Service Lands so permission was not necessary. Preliminary Data Collection and Review of Existing Information To reduce duplicating previous work and to help in our effort we collected existing vegetation reports and maps from the staff at Devils Tower National Monument. These materials were referenced during the mapping process and the information contained in them was incorporated where it was deemed useful. Because soils also affect the distribution of vegetation, soil maps and soil descriptions were also obtained as reference. These were not converted to a digital file. Digital elevation models (DEM) were obtained to create slope and aspect maps that helped in determining vegetation community distribution. Vegetation Sampling The sampling approach used in this mapping effort was typical of small park sampling, where all polygons within the park boundary are sampled. Two levels of field data gathering were conducted in this park; plots and observations. Plots represented the most intensive sampling of the landscape and used TNC's 'Plot Form'. Observations consisted of brief descriptions and were designed to obtain a quick overview of the landscape without spending a large amount of time at each sample site. Observation points used the 'Observation Form' data sheet. Examples of both 'Plot' and 'Observation' forms are included in the companion report by TNC. Initially, plots were used to describe the vegetation of the park. A total of 28 plots were obtained from August 20 through August 24, 1996. These plots were used by TNC to describe the vegetation associations found within the park. These descriptions are in the companion report by TNC. Map Validation A field trip was conducted in June of 1997 to assess the initial mapping effort and to refine map class. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Kenny Aerial Mapping Company, Phoenix, AZ Publication_Date: 19930729 Title: Aerial photography (CIR and true color) of Devils Tower National Monument Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: photography Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, CO Publisher: USGS Center for Biological Informatics Other_Citation_Details: Aerial photography was taken at a scale of 1:24,000. Original media are in the form of positive transparencies. Photointerpretation was done on contact prints of the true color photos. Online_Linkage: http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/deto/photos.pdf Source_Scale_Denominator: 12000 Type_of_Source_Media: Contact paper prints of film transparencies Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19930729 Source_Currentness_Reference: Imagery date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: deto Aerial Photos Source_Contribution: These aerial photographs were the basis for the photointerpretation process Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Unknown Publication_Date: Unknown Title: Digital Orthophotograph of Devils Tower National Monument Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Remote-Sensing Image Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Unknown Publisher: Unknown Other_Citation_Details: The digital orthophotograph is a 1:2400 scale image. Type_of_Source_Media: Cartridge Tape Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: Unknown Source_Currentness_Reference: Imagery date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: deto orthophoto Source_Contribution: This digital orthophoto provided the project basemap Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS,BRD,Center for Biological Informatics Publication_Date: 19960405 Title: Devils Tower National Monument Sampling and Classification Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, CO Publisher: USGS, BRD, Center for Biological Informatics Other_Citation_Details: This report was generated by the Nature Conservancy under contract to the USGS, BRD, CBI. Online_Linkage: http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/deto/detorpt.pdf Type_of_Source_Media: Online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 199510 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: deto sample and classification Source_Contribution: Report summarizing plot data collection effort Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS/BRD, Center for Biological Informatics Publication_Date: 199411 Title: Accuracy Assessment Procedures, NBS/NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Series_Information: Series_Name: USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Issue_Identification: Devils Tower National Monument Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, CO Publisher: USGS/BRD, Center for Biological Informatics Other_Citation_Details: This report was prepared by Environmental Systems Research Institute; Redlands, CA, National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA and The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA under contract from the U.S. Department of Interior National Biological Survey and National Park Service. Online_Linkage: http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/standards/NPSVI_Accuracy_Assessment_Guidelines_ver2.pdf Type_of_Source_Media: electronic document Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 199411 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Accuracy Assessment Procedures Documents Source_Contribution: This document established the procedures and protocols for the accuracy assessment at Devils Tower National Monument. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Originator: Department of the Interior Publication_Date: 19980510 Title: Devils Tower National Monument Photo Interpretation and Map Generation Procedures Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Series_Information: Series_Name: USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Issue_Identification: Devils Tower National Monument Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, CO Publisher: USGS, Biological Resources Division, Center for Biological Informatics Other_Citation_Details: Created in large part by Aerial Information Systems, Inc. under contract rom USGS/BRD/CBI. Online_Linkage: http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/deto/detopirpt.pdf Type_of_Source_Media: digital Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19980510 Source_Currentness_Reference: Report date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: deto mapping report Source_Contribution: Photo interpretation was done by trained interpreters familiar with the vegetation communities of the Monument on overlays registered to the aerial photographs under a stereoscope. Vegetation communities were idendified on the basis of their color, pattern, texture, and location on the landscape and lines were drawn around the communities. The photo interpreters had visited the monument and conferred with the ecologists who performed the vegetation classification and were familiar with the vegetation communities. Not all vegetation associations could be identified on the photography due to size constraints and complexity of the vegetation. Map classes were assigned in these cases and a cross- walk was made to the vegetation classification. Process_Step: Process_Description: Air Photo Interpretation All map classes were interpreted from existing 1:16,000 scale, color photography taken on July 29, 1993. The photographs were acquired from the U.S. Forest Service (USFS). Photointerpretation used the standard identification features such as tone, texture, color, pattern, topographic position, and shadow. In addition, field sample locations and their vegetation descriptions aided in assigning map class to each polygon. All photographs were examined using a stereoscope. Digital elevation models (DEM's) were processed and converted to slope and aspect coverages. These helped to provide additional perspectives of the landscape. Seven photographs were interpreted for the entire mapping area. Digital scans of these photographs are included as .tif files on the CD included with this report. Process_Date: 199510 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Bureau of Reclamations Contact_Address: Address_Type: Physical Address City: Redlands State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: Unknown Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: Unknown Process_Step: Process_Description: In conjunction with the photoverification and field sampling effort, NBS (now USGS, BRD, CBI) personnel performed a locational accuracy test comparing the accuracy of a global positioning system (GPS) versus manual location techniques. The TNC biologist "pin-pricked" all of the sample site locations onto the aerial photos while the NBS staff captured the location using GPS. The "pin-pricked" locations were subsequently input into the GIS database for comparison against the GPS locations for the same site. Process_Date: 199510 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: DETO CIR Aerial Photography Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Analysis of Accuracy Assessment Procedures at Devils Tower National Monument Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NPS-WASO Contact_Person: Karl Brown Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address Address: NPS Address: Natural Resource Program Center-Biological Resource Management Division Address: 1201 Oakridge Drive, Suite 200 City: Fort Collins State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80525 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (970)225-3591 (Karl Brown) Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (970)225-3585 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Karl_Brown@nps.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Devils Tower National Monument is in Crook County in northeast Wyoming and is part of the western most Black Hills. The monument lies 10 miles east of the Bear Lodge Mountains and 10 miles south west of the town of Hulett, Wyoming Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 13 Transverse_Mercator: Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -105 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: .9996 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Coordinate Pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1 Ordinate_Resolution: 1 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Ellipsoid_Name: Geodedic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The database contains two separate classification systems. The two systems represent vegetation map units and land cover map units. The vegetation map units are usually combinations of vegetation associations described in the TNC companion report. The vegetation map units have also been categorized into 5 general vegetation classes. The land use map units use the Anderson Level II classification system. The vegetation attributes contain character codes and descriptors. The land use contain numeric codes. The descriptors are available in two look-up tables provided with this data set. These are map.lut and anderson.lut. Modifiers also exist representing percent of vegetation cover and tree height. These modifiers are available in the look-up table structure.lut. Contact David Salas at the Bureau of Reclamation Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Group D-8260 for more information about the classification system. National Park Service/Biological Resources Division Vegetation Inventory and Mapping Program for Devils Tower National Monument, Wyoming, Final Community Association Classification, May 1, 1998. Alliance/Community BB=Wyoming Big Sagebrush / Bluebrush Wheatgrass Shrub Herbaceous Vegetation BU=Green Ash - American Elm / Wolfberry Forest CP=Eastern Cottnwood Peach Leaf Willow / Narrow Leaf Willow Woodland GH=Grassland Complex MK=Mosaic - Kentucky Bluegrass / Little Bluestem Grassland MW=Mosaic - Western Wheatgrass / Little Bluestem Grassland PB=Ponderosa Pine / Bur Oak Woodland PJ=Ponderosa Pine / Common Juniper Woodland PP1=Ponderosa Pine Complex 1 PP2=Ponderosa Pine Complex II SC=Silver Sage Brush / Western - Wheat Grass Herbaceous Vegetation. HEIGHT 2 = 0.5 - 1 meters 3 = 1 - 5 meters 4 = 5 - 15 meters 5 = 15 - 30 meters 6 = > 30 meters DENSITY 1 = Closed/Continuous < 60% 2 = Discontinuous 40% - 60% 3 = Dispersed 25% - 40% 4 = Sparse 10% - 25% PATTERN 1,'Evenly Dispersed' 2,'Clumped/Bunched' 3,'Gradational/Transitional' 4,'Alternating' ANDERSON CODE 11 = Residental 12 = Commercial and Services 14 = Transportation, Communications and Utilities 17 = Other Urban or Built-up Land 21 = Cropland and Pasture 51 = Streams and Canals 53 = Reservoirs 62 = Nonforested Wetland 74 = Bare Exposed Rock VEGETATION CODE arte = Silver Sagebrush / Western-Wheat Grass Shrub Herbaceous Vegetation bbwg = Skunkbush Sumac / Bluebunch Wheatgrass Shrub Herbaceous Vegetation cpwf = Eastern Cottonwood - Peach Leaf Willow / Narrow-Leaf Willow Woodland gplb = Little Bluestem - Grama (Side-Oats, Blue) - Threadleaf Sedge Herbacous Vegetation kbg = Kentucky Bluegrass Disturbed Community m-kplb = Mosaic - Kentucky Bluegrass / Little Bluestem m-wwlb = Mosaic - Western Wheatgrasss / Little Bluestem pdt = Prairie Dog Town ppbo = Ponderosa Pine / Bur Oak Woodland ppbw = Ponderosa Pine / Bluebunch Wheatgrasss Woodland ppcj = Ponderosa Pine / Common Juniper Woodland pplb = Ponderosa Pine / Little Bluestem Woodland ppsf = Ponderosa Pine / Oregon Grape Forest ppss = Ponderosa Pine / Sun Sedge Woodland wwbg = Weatern-Wheatgrass - Blue Grama - Threadleaf Herbaceous Vegetation Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Grossman, D. Et al. 1994. National Park Service/ National Biological Service Vegetation Mapping Project, Standardized National Vegetation Classification System 209 pp. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USGS BRD Center for Biological Informatics Contact_Person: USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Room 8000, MS 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 202-4220 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-202-4219 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov Resource_Description: DETO Veg map Distribution_Liability: The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics (if available) are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. Any related graphics (if available) are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not approriate to use the related graphics as data. The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from an U.S. Geological Survey and National Park Service servers and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this metadata report does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U. S. Department of the Interior, U. S. Geological Survey and National Park Service. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: HTML Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/deto/index.html Access_Instructions: Internet Access Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20011022 Metadata_Review_Date: 20100519 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USGS BRD Center for Biological Informatics Contact_Person: USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Room 8000, MS 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: Colorado Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (303) 202-4220 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 303-202-4219 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-b-npsveg@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999 Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.nbii.gov/portal/server.pt/community/fgdc_metadata/255